In the decree released on Tuesday, the Vatican emphasized that while Mary holds a revered place in salvation history, her role remains “subordinate” to that of Christ.
“Given the necessity of explaining Mary’s subordinate role to Christ in the work of Redemption, it is always inappropriate to use the title ‘Co-redemptrix’ to define Mary’s cooperation,” the decree stated.
The Vatican explained that the title risks diminishing the uniqueness of Christ’s redemptive work and could “create confusion and an imbalance in the harmony of Christian truth.”
It further clarified that neither the Church nor Mary can “replace or perfect” the saving work of Jesus Christ.
On the use of “Mediatrix,” the decree reiterated that biblical teachings affirm Christ’s exclusive role as mediator between God and humanity, although Mary’s part as his mother gives her a distinct but secondary role in salvation.
The document noted that these positions are not new, recalling that the late Pope Francis had repeatedly opposed the use of such titles.
“Christ is the Mediator, the bridge that we cross to turn to the Father. He is the only Redeemer: there are no co-redeemers with Christ,” Francis stated in 2021, calling the idea of naming Mary ‘co-redeemer’ “foolishness.”
The Vatican concluded that all prayers to God are made through Christ, with Christ, and in Christ, underscoring that the new directive aims to reaffirm core Christian doctrine
